| Papers [1-15] of 416 :: [Page 1 of 28] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 —> | |
|
|
Nuclear Weapons and Moral Choices, 2008.
An exploration of the moral beliefs held by the scientists instrumental in developing the nuclear atomic bomb.
2,871 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 85.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper presents the thesis that the physicists instrumental in the design and development of the nuclear atomic bomb held a level of pride in their accomplishment as well as regret for its potential for destruction, death and war. The paper describes the Manhattan Project and examines the personal moral standards of the scientists who developed it. The paper shows how regrets were certainly held by Bethe, Oppenheimer, Haber and other scientists and physicists sharing in the atomic energy and weaponry projects.
Outline:
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
The Manhattan Project
Moral Responsibility of the Physicist
Hans Bethe
Julius Robert Oppenheimer
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"The work entitled: "Invisible: Atomic Bomb Efforts in the US, USSR and National Socialist Germany" relates that governments and physicists both came to realize "simultaneously...that their discoveries had military potential. If any nation could harness the energy of nuclear fission in an explosion, a super bomb would be possible." (Open Society Archives, 2007) The second World War erupted in Europe in 1939 and the publications concerning nuclear subject matter "disappeared from scientific journals and the race to the nuclear bomb was on." (Open Society Archives)"
| |
|
Attenuation, 2008.
A brief look at the use of attenuation in ultrasound scans.
841 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper explains the anatomy of attenuation and how it is used in ultrasound scans to determine to a higher degree the image quality of a CT scan. The paper looks at several studies on CT imaging results and the use of attenuation-corrected images.
From the Paper
"Attenuation means a reduction in intensity and amplitude in a radio signal. Radio signals are used in medicine in the medium of ultrasound. Measured in decibels (dB) per unit length of medium, attenuation is represented by the coefficient of the medium in question (dB/cm, dB/km, and so forth) (Zagzebski 3).
"Attenuation is used in ultrasound physics and is the reduction of the beam amplitude, as a function of the distance it goes through the medium being imaged. One has to account for attenuation effects because reduced signal amplitude affects the image quality. By adjusting the amplitude to account for the attenuation in the ultrasound beam going through the medium, loss of energy at the desired depth is achieved (Bushong 2)."
| |
|
Environmental Implications of Depleted Uranium, 2008.
An examination of the history of the use of depleted uranium and its environmental and ethical implications.
2,634 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 79.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the environmental problems associated with the main final byproduct of nuclear waste, which is known as depleted uranium (DU). The paper first describes the history of the use of depleted uranium. It then discusses the associated ethical concerns, as well as environmental observations after wartime use of depleted uranium munitions. The paper contains graphs and figures.
Table of Contents:
Introduction and Outline of the Main Issues
Depleted Uranium Ordinance
Ethical Concerns
Environmental Observations After Wartime Use of Depleted Uranium Munitions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The most disturbing implications of all concern the discrepancy with which nuclear waste is handled and regulated to ensure its relative safety in the U.S. compared to the complete disregard that is apparent on the part of U.S. authorities in charge of occupied Iraqi territory. As the leader of global philanthropy and human rights throughout the world, the U.S. has a moral obligation to minimize the unintended environmental and human impact of its weapons of war on noncombatants. It may very well be the case that the use of DU ammunition is a necessary evil of 21st Century conflicts. Nevertheless, the moral imperative that is part and parcel of its justified use in wartime is to minimize, rather than ignore its lasting effects after cessation of hostilities."
| |
|
Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 2008.
An examination of the impact and necessity of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.
1,420 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945. It discusses the impact of the bombings from the perspective of the human damage it caused among the Japanese population. The paper then examines the real necessity of a nuclear strike against the war time enemy, Japan, while taking into account the war conditions and the deterioration of the relations between the US and the USSR.
From the Paper
"Finally, there is also the moral issue to be taken into account. There have been numerous discussions over the moral legitimacy of creating casualties and causing death in order to reach peace. More precisely, the use of nuclear technology does not offer the possibility to make clear distinction between combatant and non combatant forces; also, it cannot control its immediate, as well as long time effects. These arguments came especially following the attacks, when the medical consequences became visible. Indeed, there is no moral argument to justify the use of weapons against possible civilians. The nuclear bomb lacks any precision in targeting solely military targets without causing casualties. Although its use cannot be justified from a moral perspective, it can be seen as a means to put an end to a war that had taken millions of lives up to 1945. The impact the attacks had on Japan determined, or at least influenced, the Emperor's decision to surrender unconditionally. In this way, the death of approximately 200 thousand people can be pragmatically viewed as a price for the survival of possibly other millions of people that would have lost their lives should the war had continued."
| |
|
Nuclear Power, 2008.
This paper addresses the concerns associated with using nuclear power.
1,129 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at concerns associated with nuclear power and breaks them down into three perspectives: emotional, logical, and ethical. The paper first discusses the emotional perspective, noting that it is one that is very easy to understand. The paper then discusses the issue from a logical perspective and argues that, from this perspective, the emotional concerns about nuclear energy are unfounded for several reasons. The paper presents these reasons and then discusses the ethical perspective, explaining that this perspective is closely related to the logical perspective. The paper concludes that all human endeavors of large scale involve certain risks and just as we do not prohibit vehicular travel, we should not worry about using nuclear energy in principle. Rather, the focus of ethical concerns should be to ensure appropriate management and oversight of nuclear power generation and not on whether or not nuclear energy should be used.
Outline:
Introduction
Emotional Perspective
Logical Perspective
Ethical Perspective
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When Albert Einstein introduced his Special Theory of Relativity in 1905, he revolutionized the future of man on Earth. One of the implications of Einstein's theory, represented by the infamous equation E = mc2 was the equivalence of mass and energy. This equivalence meant that very small amounts of energy represented tremendous amounts of energy, which could be released through nuclear fission (Rennie, 2003)."
| |
|
1962 Nobel Prize in Physics, 2008.
A review of the background to the Nobel prize, the life of Lev Davidovich and the establishment of the Landau Institute.
1,700 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 55.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses the background to the awarding of Nobel prizes and the manner in which the selection is made. The paper then turns to the specific award made to the winner of the Nobel prize in physics in 1962, Lev Davidovich and continues with a discussion of his life story. The paper discusses his many awards and achievements culminating in the establishment in 1965 of the The L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics in Russia.
Outline:
Introduction
Lev Davidovich Landau
The Landau Institute
From the Paper
"Eventually, the names are weeded out through a selection process until a winner is selected. While this might seem like a long and arduous process, Alfred Nobel himself had insisted on this type of process (Dorozynski, 1965). He believed it was part of what made the prize important (Dorozynski, 1965). Despite this kind of selection criteria, however, over the many years that the prizes have been awarded some people have been omitted that others think should not have been. In addition, some of the people that have won awards have also been argued against by others in the same discipline."
| |
|
"Dirty Nuke" Terror Devices, 2008.
Examines the terror device called a "dirty nuke" known as a radiological dispersion device (RDD).
1,210 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that a "dirty nuke", a radiological dispersion device (RDD), is a combination of conventional explosives and radioactive material designed to scatter dangerous and sub-lethal amounts of radioactive material over a general area. The author points out that the consensus among experts is that that terrorists are more likely to use a "dirty nuke" rather than a conventional nuclear bomb because materials for this device are more accessible and it does not require as high a degree of technological knowledge to create as does a conventional nuclear bomb. The paper relates that, while not as destructive, a "dirty nuke" can create terror and destruction on a large scale.
From the Paper
"As experts point out, there is a great fear in the public perception of radiation and if a "dirty nuke" is detonated in a city the danger of contamination would mean that the inhabitants would firstly have to be immediately evacuated. This leads to another important reason why the terrorists would use this type of bomb; namely, that large-scale evacuations are extremely costly. However, the greatest damage would be the psychological rather than the radioactive fallout."
| |
|
Radio Frequency Identification (Rfid) Security, 2008.
A study on the limitations that presently exist with RFID technology.
758 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 27.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper presents a proposal for research of RFID security and relates how this technology might be improved upon. The paper further examines the latest developments in RFID technology including that of GEN 2. The paper states that identity management is a critical issue for RFID technology and until these issues are resolved, the need for better identity management will serve as a barrier for implementation of RFID technology. The paper concludes with recommendations for further research.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Literature review
Summary & Recommendations for Research
From the Paper
"Noted as well in this report is the fact that percent of survey respondents held the number one priority to be national security. It was stated by 56 percent of those participating in the study, all of whom are government IT professionals that they had either "...seen or heard about someone violating their organization or agency's security protocols." (Security Products Magazine, 2008) Watson (2008) states in the work entitled: "Clear Vision: RFID Emerges as Powerful Security Tool" that while RFID security applications "...are easily categorized into tracking personnel and assets, companies are unlikely to find prepackaged RFID solutions from vendors. There is no off-the-shelf RFID..." and furthermore while RFID components have undergone standardization there is no guarantee of RFID component plug-and-play applications. (Watson, 2008; paraphrased) In fact, Ravi Pappu, co-founder and head of the advanced development group for Thing-Magic in Cambridge, Mass states that there is "some black magic that goes on to make an RFID system work."
| |
|
Galileo, 2008.
A discussion on the observations of Galilei Galileo with comparisons to other scientists.
796 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses the observations and discoveries of physicist and astronomer, Galilei Galileo. The paper also compares his observations to those of other famous atronomers such as Johannes Keplar, Ptolemy and Copernicus.
From the Paper
"Interestingly, the sort of heresy that Galileo was convicted of was just the sort of observational assertion that Luther had already predicted the Catholic Church would have trouble with, based upon the fact that they held rationalistic interpretations of the Bible in greater esteem than empirical conclusions arrived at through careful examination. In other words, the Church, by hoarding all of the power to make reforms and philosophical claims about the world, had made itself vulnerable to catastrophic failure once competing worldviews were introduced. Essentially, so much had been built upon the rationalistic claims asserted by the Catholic Church for more than one thousand years, that empirical knowledge was likely to soon begin to contradict dogma. Of course, this did occur quite publicly when Galileo argued in favor of the Copernican, heliocentric model of the solar system. Yet, it would seem, the rationalistic way of perceiving the universe was far more flexible than Luther had initially suspected. Galileo, on the other hand, grasped the philosophical wiggle-room rationalism affords anyone who is willing to accept claims about the world based upon faith."
| |
|
Tactical Reconnaissance, 2008.
This work is a nine page comparative paper on the topic of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) versus manned aircraft in Tactical Reconnaissance.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper compares the use of unmanned arial vehicles (UAV) versus the use of manned aircraft in military observation tactics. The paper asserts that while there are limitations in the use of the UAVs and MAVs, as technologies in this area mature the limitations that are seen in today's craft will be replaced with new applications and technologies making these crafts even more viable for use than in the present. The number one advantage of these aircrafts is the fact that lives will be saved in the tactical reconnaissance mission phases of warfare. Savings will also be seen in the cost associated with reconnaissance missions in terms of fuel, costs of the aircraft, and the other savings of support for these aircraft.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Review of the Literature
Findings of the Research
From the Paper
"The application that is most important in use of the UAV is clearly the avoidance of human beings in flight during reconnaissance missions better handled by unmanned vehicles. The goals set out by the DAPO development program in terms of 'airborne communications node reconnaissance applications were stated by DAPO to be: (1) reachback to exploitations resources in the continental United States; and (2) direct dissemination to warfighter. (DAPO, 1998) DAPO states that the Information Workgroup Elements of the Global ISR Exchange includes the elements as follows:
(1) Information Consumers;
(2) Reconnaissance/Surveillance Product and Service Information Procedures;
(3) Value-added resellers;
(4) Information Brokers; and
(5) Exchange Regulators. (DAPO, 1998)
"Exchange regulators will be those responsible for establishment and enforcement of rules and regulations for operation and use of the global ISR information exchange."
| |
|
Nanotechnology, 2008.
This paper examines the history, uses and issues involved with nanotechnology.
867 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper describes nanotechnology and the growth of this field. The paper discusses how, although nanotechnology promises to revolutionize many products and medications in the future, many believe it needs to be researched more completely before releasing it to the public for consumption.
Outline:
Introduction
What it is
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For many start up companies across the nation the word nanotechnology strikes a chord. While it is still a small market as compared to many other open markets in today's business world it is a new enough market that it holds promise for the future of start up company success(Challener, 2003).
"The most significant contribution that nanotechnology will make to the business world is the fact that it is very flexible by design and its use. It can be used in many areas of business including automotive technology, aerospace technology, drug delivery and the textile industry."
| |
|
Science and Religion in the 17th Century, 2008.
An analysis of the interaction between science and religion in the 17th century.
1,523 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how the intense interaction between science and religion in the 17th century had an ultimately positive effect on human civilization over the succeeding centuries. The paper explains that these interactions produced played an instrumental role in generating the Enlightenment of the 18th century, which transformed the world, freed humanity from the bonds of religious dogma, and produced long-term benefits ranging from greatly expanded scientific learning to the dramatic emergence and development of democratic systems of government. The paper then points out that religion and science also clashed in the 17th century because they offered incompatible answers to humanity's existence, to the functioning of the universe, and to humanity's place in it. In the context of this discussion, the paper briefly examines the works of philosophers and scientists like Nicolas Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, Galileo and Tycho Brahe.
From the Paper
"After lengthy observations and calculations, Kepler eventually discovered that although Copernicus had correctly concluded that the planets of the solar system all orbited around the sun, he had been mistaken in assuming that planetary orbits were circular instead of elliptical. The most positive contribution of Copernicus was his theory that the earth rotates each day on its axis, that it revolves on an annual basis around the sun, and that other planets also revolve around the sun. Yet as revolutionary as this theory was, it was not proven to be true until Galileo observed the heavens and made some startling discoveries that provided that proof."
| |
|
Electronic Device Warnings, 2008.
This paper critically examines the warnings included with a DVD recorder from Toshiba.
872 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper shows how the advice from Toshiba regarding its DVD recorder tends to be very general; the company notes the need to avoid power surges, but does not mention that a surge protector can itself add to the threat of damage in some cases. The paper contends that it would be more useful if the company would address the need for a surge protector, indicate which type and brand would be most effective, and explain how to match a protector to the electronics in the unit.
From the Paper
"These warnings are found on a page headed "Important Safety Instructions," including avoiding water and heat and warning to unplug the apparatus during a lightning storm. In addition, the user is warned not to touch the unit or the connecting cables during a thunderstorm (Toshiba 3).
"One of the recommendations is to unplug the device when not using it for a long period of time, and this admonition is echoed by a government report that says to unplug any appliance of electronic device that does not need to stay on when leaving for a time, such as on vacation. One rason given is that these devices draw electricity even when not in use, making this an economic move, but safety and security are also noted and can "prevent damage in case of a storm or power surge" ("Give Your Appliances a Vacation Too" para. 5)."
| |
|
Bats vs. Wind Power, 2008.
This paper looks at how wind turbines are destroying the bat species.
1,306 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses how wind turbines are possibly attracting and killing bats and other wildlife. The paper relates that bats are a "keystone" species responsible for plant dispersion and pest control and serious environmental problems will result if bats die out. Since wind energy is of vital importance, the paper maintains that more research needs to be done to discover ways to avoid bat death on wind farms.
From the Paper
"Energy is a "hot button" issue in politics and in the news. Finding new ways to produce energy domestically, and free of additional pollution sources like coal, is important to people and governments around the world. Wind power offers cleaner energy production than coal and many other methods, and is less controversial than nuclear power (Williams, 20). Wind power has already proven a successful source of alternative power in the European Union. As a result, new wind farms have been built in a number of United States locations, including New York state, California, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia (Whittelsey 39). The new wind farms have been lauded as an answer to the call for cleaner energy. However, the one downside cited by environmental impact studies is that migrating bats and birds are regularly killed by the wind farm turbines(Whittelsey, 39). These animal deaths seem to happen at wind farms in all areas of the country."
| |
|
The Mathematical Contributions of Galileo, 2008.
A review of some of the important contributions of Galileo Galilei to the field of mathematics and science.
1,015 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the significant contributions of Galileo Galilei to the field of mathematics. It provides a brief history of his life and then focuses on some examples of the contributions that he made to mathematics. The paper also discusses his misinterpreted-battle between science and religion and how it overshadows many of the other contributions that Galileo made during his lifetime as a scientist and mathematician.
From the Paper
"We often hear of a Copernican revolution in science, but Galileo was the instigator of a much more fundamental revolution that influenced both science and mathematics. The worldview that Galileo created to replace the Aristotelian worldview that dominated at the time contended that the world was made up only of matter whose properties and motions could be described in terms of mathematics (Machamer). In other words, Galileo advanced the now-obvious notion that mathematics was nothing short of the language of the universe. Using mathematics, Galileo was able to describe and understand the mechanics of the universe, effectively gaining a deeper understanding of the way that the world is put together. This is Galileo's most significant contribution to mathematics. He removed the idle, superstitious philosophy from the study of the natural world and pushed mathematics to the forefront of natural inquiries, demonstrating again and again that it could be used to understand the way the world works."
|
|
|
