| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "ECONOMIC JUSTICE": |
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Economic Justice, 2003.
A look at the problem of economic inequality over the years and a review of the literature.
1,258 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines some of the current literature on the subject of ?economic justice? to look at both sides of the picture, identifies a few major issues, and draws conclusions from the review. It explains that if we look at the economic conditions in the present day world we would find that we are further from the ideal of economic justice than ever before. It shows how this is reflected in the rising inequality between the rich and the poor, both at the intra-country and inter-country levels ,and the crippling debt of the under-developed countries.
From the Paper
"Reflecting the intellectual divide on most political and economic issues, there are basically two diametrically opposite views on the subject of economic justice. This is not necessarily a bad thing as it enables one to examine alternate opinions, but it does have the drawback of creating confusion?it becomes hard to decipher fact from fiction as the opposing schools of thought tend to ?bend? arguments to suit their view-points. In any case, the rightist/ neo-liberal point of view holds that the present economic world order (represented by globalization and laissez faire economy, supported by the Bretton Wood institutions) is the path leading to global economic salvation. The leftist or alternate point of view propagates that the present economic order is promoting growing inequality between the rich and the poor and is the antithesis of ?economic justice.?"
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Criminal Justice and Restorative Justice, 2008.
An examination of the literature related to restorative justice in the criminal justice system from the years 1996 to 2006.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the content of peer reviewed articles published within a ten-year period, from 1996 to 2006. It focuses on the criminal justice system and its experiences with restorative justice. The paper looks at the values that researchers have that drive investigation during any given period, as seen in the examined articles. The paper also identifies gaps and trends in research during the specified period.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Purpose
Hypothesis
Strengths/Weaknesses
Methods
Data Collections
Results
Method
Variables - Independent and Dependent
Statistical Analysis/Means/Mode/Median
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Given the evidence provided from this study the researcher finds the following true. Hypothesis (1) - proven true, given restorative justices seems to be the more commonly used tool for rehabilitating criminals in the population specified. Other data collected from the content analysis however suggests hypotheses (2), suggesting less relapse is likely among participants engaged in this form of justice remains questionable. Further research is needed to establish or refute this hypothesis, given changing trends in criminal justice and criminal behaviors in the future. Overall, the researcher argues despite some comments to the contrary, restorative justice, which aims to involve victims in the rehabilitation process and encourages convicted criminals at a young age to rehabilitate and participate in their community, remains an effective form of justice."
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Moral Values in Economics, 2008.
This paper explores the moral issues raised by economic justice and financial responsibility.
2,931 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
The paper questions what role economic justice and financial responsibility have in today's world and defines the scope of this issue. The paper explores the norms, principles and guidelines that apply to the situation and provides an analysis of a morally appropriate outcome. The paper concludes with a discussion of the role of moral agency, conscience and freedom on reaching a resolution to this complex question.
Outline:
Introduction
Defining the Scope and Impact of the Question
Moral Methodology for Approaching Solution
Analysis and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In today's economically driven world where the placement of focus and personal achievement is determined by the size of one's bank account or net worth, churches and theologians have had to come to issue with how one can balance a traditionally moral life in today's often immoral world. Out of this struggle arose the theories of economic justice and financial responsibility. The essence of these combinations is to bring traditional moral values into economics, thus allowing one to live a moral life through the proper use of their wealth."
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Ethical Considerations of Economic Growth, 2007.
This paper explores economic growth and its effects on welfare, justice and sustainability in Australia and developed countries.
4,035 words (approx. 16.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how economic growth in developed countries is affecting individual well-being, justice within society and environmental sustainability. This includes how economic growth damages mental health, physical health and our feelings of happiness. The paper then considers the treatment of unpaid workers and the protection afforded to the vulnerable in society. The paper also considers the lack of concern for dangerous emissions and industrial malpractices such as the dumping of waste. These issues are considered with respect to John Rawls' vision of "Justice as Fairness" and Australian Prime Minister John Howard's speech entitled, "Getting the Big Things Right".
From the Paper
"Political ideology in Australia and many developed nations emphasises the perceived importance of strong economic growth. Policy is focussed on establishing an economy where Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is rising, inflation and unemployment are low and foreign debts are zero. Much of this growth in GDP, which is the measure of total monetary transactions in the economy , is justified by a magical and unfounded belief that society is like a pipeline where money is sucked in at one end and wellbeing flows out the other . However, the world is a complex system that does not simply transform wealth into human wellbeing. The societies and environment in which we, as individuals, live is dynamic and affected by multiple factors. In 2004, Australian Prime Minister John Howard gave a speech entitled, "Getting the Big Things Right" in which he asserts that Australia would be a "fair and just society" based around a strong economy."
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A Restorative Justice System, 2008.
This paper explores the need for a restorative justice system to take the place of the existing criminal justice system.
2,746 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper explores why the public seems to have low levels of confidence and trust in the justice system and the extent to which community residents participate in justice initiatives. The paper examines the potential and the limits of restorative justice as a mechanism and discusses increasing community and citizen involvement in the justice process. The paper clearly shows the evidence that approaches to justice in our modern Western society are ineffective. The paper explains how the criminal justice system ignores the public's role in addressing crime, and thus alienates the community. The paper concludes that future approaches to justice should revolve around a restorative system as opposed to a criminal justice system.
Outline:
Introduction: The General Public and the Criminal Justice System
Why the Public Seems to Have Low Levels of Confidence and Trust
in the Justice System
The Extent to Which Community Residents Participate in Justice
Initiatives
The Potential and the Limits of Restorative Justice as a Mechanism
For Increasing Community and Citizens' Involvement in the Justice Process
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Evidence shows that public confidence and trust in the criminal justice system is low. In Canada, a recent survey revealed that most citizens were dissatisfied with the government's response to crime, even though they found no fault with the police themselves (p. 64). It appears to be the criminal justice system itself that dissatisfies the public. Canadian citizens are dissatisfied with the performance of the criminal court, the prison system, and, in particular, the parole system (ibid). The same findings tend to be replicated in studies of other Western countries, such as the U.S. and Europe (p. 65)."
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Justice for African Women, 2005.
This paper discusses the problems of injustice for women in war torn areas of Africa.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that justice can often overlook segments of the population, especially in countries, which face political and social upheaval and are traditionally led by men. The author points out that African women fail to receive justice in most areas of their lives; they are subject to violence, mutilation, incest, economic disadvantage and abuse, and there are few laws that uphold their rights. The paper relates that organizations such as the Economic Justice Program for Eastern Africa (AWEPON) are working to empower women to create moneymaking opportunities.
From the Paper
"Another area of special concern in Africa is the issue of female circumcision, also known as genital mutilation. Only one country in Africa, Burkina Faso, has passed laws against female genital mutilations, and actively upholds those laws. In thirteen other countries, people who promote or practice genital mutilation can receive jail time, but the laws are often ignored. In addition, twenty-eight other countries still condone the practice. It is estimated that at least 130 million African women have already undergone this practice, and two million more young women every year are circumcised. The practice is inhumane, and can cause severe illness and even death in young women when it is not done under the proper conditions."
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Restorative and Retributive Justice, 2004.
An analysis of the differences between restorative and retributive justice and their impact on the American justice system.
3,058 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how different theories of justice prevail at different times and how two of these can be termed restorative justice and retributive justice. It looks at how, stated simply, restorative justice emphasizes rehabilitation, while retributive justice emphasizes punishment. It attempts to show how the conflict between these two theories marks much of the history of American justice and continues to shape penal policies today.
Outline
Introduction
Punishment and Crime
Restorative Justice
Retributive Justice
Current Programs
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Punishment in itself is a problem and has been since the beginning of human society. Some people today see punishment as a vestige of the human past that should have been left behind when human beings came out of caves and formed a social order. These people feel that today we should substitute measures that do not involve cruelty to our fellow man. Others believe in punishment as a retributive instrument and feel that punishment can be used against anyone who breaks the laws of God or Man. Packer (1968) writes: "I think both are wrong, although the danger of the moment is that we will overuse the criminal sanction, not that we will abandon it" (p. 3)."
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Justice in Drama, 2003.
Examines the conflict between human justice and justice of the gods in three works.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper introduces an analysis of this theme in Sophocles's "Oedipus Rex", Euripides's "Hippolytus", and Shakespeare's "Hamlet". It examines characters who follow preordained paths.
From the Paper
"Justice in drama is generally divided into two sorts-human justice and the justice of the gods-and often the two are presented as being in conflict. This can be seen in different ways in the works of Sophocles, Euripides, and William Shakespeare."
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Justice in "Republic", 2002.
Examines the resemblance between justice in the individual and justice in the city in Plato's "Republic".
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
It is clear that for Plato the parallel between the individual and the city was much more than a simple question of resemblance or a useful illustration or metaphor for his text. Rather, as this paper will argue, making the association between the two allowed him to not only justify the rule of his ideal city by philosopher kings, but also to illustrate the social and political power dynamics of his ideal city.
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Vigilante Justice, 2005.
A paper on vigilante justice, one of the most controversial issues in today's criminal justice system.
1,714 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the author examines the topic of vigilante justice, defines and presents the history of the issue, looks at current examples of vigilante justice and shows how the courts have ruled on previous cases of vigilante justice.
From the Paper
"Although many people may be confused with the term "vigilante," I believe that after learning a little about the term they will be able to personally relate to the topic. According to a scholarly article found at http://faculty.ncwc.edu, the word vigilante goes back to Spanish origin and means "watchman or "guard." Usually when it is said that someone is taking part in vigilante activity, it means that they are taking the law into their own hands. After completing my research, I have found that this is probably the most commonly used definition when defining vigilante activity. I feel this is an incomplete definition that does not cover many other aspects of the concept. To add to this misrepresentation, most people who have an opinion of the topic are only able to warn of the consequences or dangers of vigilantism without understanding or explaining why it occurs. Out of all my criminology classes I have completed over the last two and a half years, I have only attended one which discussed the issue openly and appropriately. So it is easy to see why people have little knowledge of the issue when we as criminology majors rarely discuss the issue in detail."
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Women in the Criminal Justice System, 2004.
An analysis of women in the criminal justice system from female offenders to female criminal justice professionals.
1,402 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the treatment of women and girls in the criminal justice system. The paper evaluates the recommendations of the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration Task Force on Women regarding female offenders, female crime victims, and female criminal justice professionals. The paper describes the nature of the changes that have been taking place regarding gender bias and inequality within the justice system.
From the Paper
"The criminal justice system provides training to police and law enforcement agencies, prosecutors and judges (Legal Defense and Education Fund 2004). The New York State Police Academy, for example, trains its criminal justice professionals through a week-long Sex Offense Seminar. They are taught how to investigate sex crimes; collect evidence from crime scenes; interview suspects, surviving victims and other witnesses; obtain expert testimony; gather and present forensic evidence; screen for drug-facilitated sexual assault and similar crimes; observe Departmental protocol for crime investigations; recognize trauma syndrome and the surviving victim's emotional needs and rights; and coordinate with crisis programs, health care personnel and related agencies (LDEF)."
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The Future of Juvenile Justice, 2006.
A discussion on the current problems in juvenile justice and the future of the juvenile justice system.
1,988 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses five factors that are believed to be significant in the occurrence and prevention of juvenile delinquency. It explores the ways in which the family, community, law enforcement, probation and courts can utilize the information to improve the juvenile justice system. Finally, the paper gives recommendations for future improvements to the juvenile justice system.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Family
Education
Environment
Social Status
Religion
Law Enforcement
Courts
Probation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"With the recent influx of juvenile crime, especially serious crimes, the juvenile justice system has taken a lot of criticisms as to its mission and effectiveness. Society as a whole is becoming more interested which prompts law makers and law enforcers to take a harder look at the current system. During this paper, we are going to discuss five concepts that we believe to be the most significant social facts in the occurrence and/or prevention of juvenile delinquency. Those five concepts are family, education, environment, social status, and religion. Finally, we are going to discuss ways that we believe may help reduce juvenile delinquency in the future."
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Art-based Methods in Education for Social Justice, 2007.
A discussion regarding the need for awareness and action in regards to social justice issues, and the effectiveness of art-based methods of social justice education.
3,967 words (approx. 15.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 107.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issues surrounding social justice and the need for more awareness. According to the paper, art-based methods of education use creative thought and expression as a means of understanding and incorporating the lessons at hand and, therefore, art-based methods in education can have wonderfully effective results in regards to social justice issues. The paper goes on to say that there is no right or wrong when it comes to the expression of creative ideas. The paper further examines the fundamental roles of education in society as expressed by Aristotle.
From the Paper
"When it comes to the development of effective art-based approaches for education on social justice issues, It may be helpful to incorporate three basic, yet powerful, instructional strategies. These strategies are respect for diversity, the power of reciprocal learning, and personal reflection (Smyth, 2005). These strategies are especially important in the context under discussion due to the sensitive nature of social justice issues, and the vulnerability that may possibly be felt by students involved in creative expression. Being respectful of diversity simply means acknowledging and attending to the needs of students in the classroom, and ensuring that the learning environment is safe and promotes appropriate instruction (Smyth, 2005). Practices in the classroom should reflect appropriate methods that foster the creation of a community of individuals and an awareness of differences. One of these methods is open discussion (Smyth, 2005), and this can provide a basis for learning about and absorbing social justice issues. This then sets the stage for the creative expression of the understanding of these issues."
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Community-based Incarceration and Criminal Justice, 2008.
An analysis of the media's role in criminal justice issues and a look at community-based alternatives to incarceration.
2,706 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews a number of issues pertaining to criminal justice. Firstly, the paper look at the role of the media in criminal justice issues. It then discusses whether or not the criminal justice system can legitimately be called a "system" or whether another description is apt. The paper also examines community-based alternatives to incarceration and, lastly, examines how restorative and community-based approaches to punishment are preferable to punishment-based approaches.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Criminal Justice: Specific Issues
Issue One: The Role of the Media
Issue Two: Major Components of the Criminal Justice System
Issue Three: Community-based Alternatives to Prison
Issue Four: Community/Restorative Justice Models and their Difference from Punitive Models of Justice
From the Paper
"Going further, the simple reality is that one study after another seems to illustrate the fact that punitive criminal justice (incarceration, long sentences, the de-emphasis of diversionary programs by justices when passing sentence) does nothing to reduce crime on its own (Wilson et al, 2002). Ostensibly, all human beings are blessed with a certain measure of capital - intellectual and emotional capital being the most important - and maximizing this human capital by teaching individuals how to serve others, how to behave responsibly and how to curb darker impulses is the best way by which a society can reduce the likelihood that it will become over-run by crime. It may also be added that the essential reason why community-based and restorative justice models are gaining such favor (they have been, albeit to varying degrees, in favor among academics since at least the 1970s) is because the failings of punishment-based justice - the over-crowding of American prisons, high recidivism rates, the growing cost of keeping people behind bars - have become manifest in the eyes of many close observers and new, more innovative approaches are desperately needed."
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Social Justice, 2002.
The paper defines the concept of social justice, according the book "Social Justice" by David Miller.
877 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the concepts of rights, deserts and needs, which, when balanced according to the social and moral norms of the day, create social justice. The paper then examines the disagreements that arise on the application of these concepts and thereby the difficulties in promoting a fair, balanced idea of social justice.
From the Paper
"In his book, Social Justice, David Miller emphasizes three concepts: rights, deserts, and needs (17). He points out that there is a distinction between legal and moral rights. Legal are those granted to us through government and our social contract to it. A legal right would include the right to a publicly funded education, or state provided legal defense. Moral rights, on the other hand, are rights not defined legally, but those with which we as society deem justified by moral standards. Unlike legal rights, moral rights are harder to define. There is no objective way to judge standards of morality. What might seem ethical to one individual could be completely unethical to another, so the defining of moral rights is more of a balancing act of the two."
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