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James Madison's Role, 2006.
A discussion regarding James Madison's role in trying to balance civil liberties with government power through the drafting of the Bill of Rights.
8,150 words (approx. 32.6 pages), 26 sources, APA, $ 174.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at how the US Founding Fathers were faced with a number of important issues as they debated the form and content of the Constitution, not the least of which was ensuring that their own individual interests would be addressed in the new country. According to the paper, although it represented the work of many minds, the primary author of the first ten amendments to the Constitution was James Madison, but his reasons for advocating these civil liberties was substantially different than many modern observers might believe.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Perspectives Articulated at the Constitutional Convention
The Changing Views of James Madison
Analysis and Discussion
Implications of the Ratification of the Constitution without a Bill of Rights
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Moreover, in spite of significant across-the-board gains for many formerly disenfranchised citizens during the latter half of the 20th century, the Bill of Rights continues to experience the ebb and flow of political thought in the nation today. Indeed, the civil liberties contained in the Bill of Rights have been subject to the arbitrary vicissitudes of executive whim and fancy more than once in the nation's history, and the U.S.A. PATRIOT Act is just a recent example of how these rights can be adversely affected even with the constitutional guarantees therein contained. In the final analysis, then, it is reasonable to say that James Madison did a better job of executing his responsibilities at the Constitutional Convention and thereafter than many of his peers could have done, and the implications of his failure to do so have also been the subject of much scholarly debate over the years and these issues are discussed further below."
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The Presidency of James Madison, 2007.
A discussion of James Madison's commitment to the separation of church and state.
2,616 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper gives an historical analysis of James Madison and his Presidency, focusing on his commitment to the separation of church and state. This commitment influenced the decisions he made and the political ideology that he upheld. The paper traces Madison's political career and its interconnection with the birth of the US. Madison's famous treatise on separation of church and state entitled "The Memorial and Remonstrance Against Religious Assessments," is analyzed. The paper concludes by reinforcing James Madison's commitment to the separation of church and state and the protection of individual liberty.
From the Paper
" From the early days of the development of the British colonies into an independent nation, Madison was involved. As a student of history, government, and law, he took part in framing the Virginia Constitution in 1776 and held membership in the Virginia Assembly ("James Madison"). Madison served in the Continental Congress and engaged in frequent debates at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia ("James Madison"). Together with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay, Madison made a major contribution to ratifying the Constitution by writing the Federalist essays, which were in favor of the creation of a more powerful federal government to replace the ailing Confederation. The essays earned him the title of "Father of the Constitution," although he claimed the document was "the work of many heads and many hands" ("James Madison"). He also shared in framing the Bill of Rights and passing the first revenue legislation."
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James Madison, 2005.
This paper examines the role of James Madison in the creation of the U.S. federal government.
1,980 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that James Madison's role in the creation of the U.S. federal government from the early Continental Congress to the Bill of Rights, including the Annapolis Convention, the Constitutional Convention, the Federalist papers and other contributions, was the most important among the Founding Fathers. The author contends that had it not been for the genius and foresight of James Madison, citizens would not enjoy the protection of several important civil liberties; indeed, without Madison's contributions, the country might not even exist as a sovereign republic today. The paper relates that Madison's constitutional vision of limited government set the base for the American liberty.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Madison's Role at the Annapolis Convention and Continental Congress
Madison's Contributions to the Bill of Rights
Madison and "The Federalist"
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to one biographer, James Madison was "A giant in intellect, who convinced the squabbling states to send representatives to Philadelphia over 200 years ago to 'form a more perfect union.' For the Constitutional Convention, he prepared a scheme of national government untried in the world." This "untried scheme" was necessary because, on the national level, the Articles of Confederation had made the single-branched Continental Congress responsible for conducting the war, for administering foreign relations, and for handling other matters of national concern; however, they had not entrusted the Congress with the power to tax and provided no power to enforce its decisions. "In other words," McDonald notes, "compliance with its decisions was to be voluntary.""
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James Madison and Rousseau, 2007.
This paper discusses that, in "Federalist 10", James Madison was responding to Jean Jacques Rousseau's republican model of democracy as presented in "On the Social Contract".
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in "Federalist 10", James Madison sought to ensure that the problems identified by Rousseau would be addressed through constitutional checks and balances and a federal system of government. The author points out that, in response to the political model of Thomas Hobbes, Rousseau argued that power is invested in the will of a united people. The paper relates that Rousseau also believed, when the social bond is shattered and special interests aggressively pursue their own agendas while insisting they are acting in the public good, the general will becomes silenced and covert motives guide citizens and groups. The author continues that Madison contended that the republican form of government embodied in the proposed Constitution was conducive to free debate and allowed the various factions certain to emerge to contend with one another and influence the government.
From the Paper
"Madison arguments were based upon his conviction that political ambition would be checked by rival political ambition, for power would be divided among three separate but equal branches of the federal government, and would be further divided between the federal government and state governments. These arguments reflected Madison's belief that, "there are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects.""
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James Madison's "Federalist 10 Paper", 2001.
Paper discussing James Madison's "Federalist 10 Paper", and the discrepancies found therein.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses James Madison's "Federalist 10 Paper" and its effects on American government. Distinctions are made between the concepts of "republicanism" and "democracy," and what they implied for the creation of an American legislative system. The author finds discrepancies between what is implied and what is stated in this Madison work.
From the Paper
"In James Madison?s essay, the Federalist 10 paper, Madison articulates his hesitations about popular rule, or more accurately, ?pure democracy,? and the pernicious ?faction? that might result from it. To obviate the destructive forces of faction that are implicit in ?pure democracy,? he offers instead a ?republican? form of government. In this arguably elitist document, Madison cites the two methods of ?curing the mischiefs of faction,? by either ?removing its causes? or ?controlling its effects.
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James Madison and "The Federalist Paper Number 10", 2002.
This paper discusses James Madison's beliefs as expressed in "The Federalist Paper Number 10", which helped persuade people into ratifying the proposed U.S. Constitution.
610 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 21.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses that, in "The Federalist Paper Number 10", Madison responded to critics who had argued that the United States had too many "factions," to be ruled democratically by a single government. The author states that Madison believed that factions posed a problem to a democratic form of government but had a positive role to play. The paper concludes that James Madison's ideas and arguments in "The Federalist Paper Number 10" remain the foundations of pluralistic democracy.
From the Paper
"Madison acknowledged the importance of factions in the opening paragraph, stating that, ?Among the numerous advantages promised by a well constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction? . In prescribing how to rule and control the effects of factions, Madison detailed their relationships with other important concepts, such as liberty and property, and asserted his belief that factions were both the underlying basis of, and the fundamental problem in, politics."
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James Madison, 2006.
A discussion regarding the 4th President of the United States, James Madison.
2,545 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the life and career of James Madison, the 4th President of the USA. According to the paper, Madison is known as the 'Father of the Constitution'. The paper further discusses how Madison was one of the first thinkers in colonial America who understood why church and state must be separated.
From the Paper
"During August 1789, Congress deliberated on what would become the religion clauses of the First Amendment. Madison's first draft read, "The civil rights of none shall be abridged on account of religious belief or worship, nor shall any national religion be established, nor shall the full and equal rights of conscience be in any manner, or on any pretext, infringed" (Boston). His proposal was sent for consideration to a committee, which eventually settled on language reading, "Congress shall make no law establishing articles of faith or a mode of worship, or prohibiting the free exercise of religion" (Boston). However, the House of Representatives rejected this version, and so a joint Senate-House committee, which included Madison, met and agreed to the language we know today, "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" (Boston). "
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John Locke and James Madison, 2007.
A comparison of the philosophies of John Locke and James Madison.
1,169 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the differing philosophies of John Locke and James Madison. The paper details how Locke suggests a "social contract" which would bind people together in order to secure their individual rights and the protection of their property. The paper further examines how Madison, in his argument for the ratification of the U.S. Constitution, argued that a democracy where all people had a say in government could actually lead to the denial of rights to part of the group - the minority. The paper concludes that if all men were moral, then Locke's system would be the perfect form of government. Unfortunately this is not the case, and so Madison's argument for divided government is preferable, because it protects minorities from ambitious factions.
From the Paper
"In his famous Second Treatise of Government, John Locke delineates why government is necessary, why people should consent to it, and what they can expect from it. The natural state of freedom into which all men are born is paradoxical because, in that state, all other men are free as well. The attainments of property are useless if a person cannot protect himself and his wealth. For economic and political reasons, Locke suggests people give up some freedom in order to gain freedom from being abused by other free people."
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"James Madison and the Creation of the American Republic", 2007.
This paper reviews Jack Rakove's "James Madison and the Creation of the American Republic".
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Jack Rakove's "James Madison and the Creation of the American Republic" covers all stages of Madison's life including his early life and career, his efforts in the constitutional convention, his contributions to shape the new nation and his performance as Secretary of State and as President of the United States. The author points out that Rakove described young Madison as always interested in gaining knowledge despite being sickly as a child and as a young man. The paper relates that the chief set of ideas that Madison brought to the framing of the Constitution was the Virginia Plan, which replaced the existing unicameral congress with a national government of three independent branches. The author comments that Rakove shows how Madison and Thomas Jefferson worked closely together to smoothly run the progression of the new country
From the Paper
"James Madison was born on March 16, 1751 in Virginia to James and Nelly Madison. His father was a wealthy slave owner that ran a tobacco plantation. He was the oldest of 11 children but only six of his siblings lived to adulthood. "By early teens, Madison was acquiring the intellectual earnestness that marked him ever after" When he was eleven years old he began attending a local school run by Donald Robertson, which was rare because schools in the area where he grew up were scarce.... Because of his intense desire to learn and his eagerness to study, his teachers and parents decided in 1769 to send him to the College of New Jersey, which later became Princeton University."
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James Madison and Civil Liberties, 2007.
This paper discusses James Madison's role in trying to balance civil liberties with government power through the drafting of the Bill of Rights.
7,762 words (approx. 31.0 pages), 30 sources, APA, $ 168.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer provides a review of the relevant literature to show that Madison played a critical role in drafting the Bill of Rights due to his concern for balancing civil liberties and central government power. A summary of the research and important findings are provided in the conclusion. The writer points out that the research clearly shows that Madison was absolutely convinced of the correctness of his thinking at any given point in time concerning the need for ratification of the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. The writer notes that it also shows that he was able to learn from mistakes, entertain the opinions of others without necessarily accepting them and contribute to the American nation through a life of public service that spanned 40 years.
Outline:
Perspectives Articulated at the Constitutional Convention
Federalist Perspectives
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The first major confrontation concerning the ratification of the Constitution involving the need for a bill of rights occurred in Pennsylvania several weeks after the close of the Constitutional Convention; at that time, the Seceders from the state Assembly called upon their electorate to consider whether the rights of citizens could be regarded as safe under a constitution that did not contain a bill of rights; also in Pennsylvania, Samuel Bryan argued in 1787 that the absence of a bill of rights made it essential for a second constitutional convention to be held to address the errors and omissions of the first."
"In response to these charges, James Wilson articulated the basis for distinguishing between a government of unlimited powers and one of enumerated and defined powers; in fact, Wilson also significantly contributed to the drafting of the Constitution as a member of the Pennsylvania delegation to the Constitutional Convention and was a prominent legal scholar who would subsequently serve as a Justice on the original U.S. Supreme Court. In this regard, Wilson believed that because the Constitution already delineated the powers available to the national government, there was little need to amendment them for the people's protection because the national government was without power to interfere in these domains."
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James Madison, 2001.
Examines his role as "Father of the Constitution." His political theory, system of checks & balances, Bill of Rights.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"James Madison (1751-1836) was one of the leading promoters for the independence of the American colonies. At the outbreak of the Revolutionary War in 1776, Madison was elected a member of the convention which drew up the Virginia constitution. In 1780 he was a delegate from Virginia to the Continental Convention and during the three years of that body he strongly advocated the establishment of a central government. As a member of the Virginia delegation to the Constitutional Convention which was convened in 1787 in Philadelphia, Madison drew up an outline for the Convention which basically was an expansion of the Virginia Constitution. Among the more notable features was the concept of a balanced system of government in which national authority would be limited by reserving certain powers to local governments and to the people. The creation of a .."
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James Madison, 1995.
Discusses the philosophical roots of the Founding Father's political philosophy (Plato, Locke, Hobbes), checks and balances, compromise and diversity of interests.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 23 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"JAMES MADISON: POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY AND THEORY
Introduction
This research examines the development and the character of the political philosophy and theory of James Madison. Madison?s political theory is complex, and in part is based on earlier developments in Western political thought.. The most notable developments in political philosophy typically occur at periods of history when political discord is highest.. The new developments are offered as cures for contemporary problems. Madison?s political philosophy developed within such an environment, and was offered in such a context..
Philosophical criticism in politics explores human commitments in the context of the principals or values accepted by humanity.. Such ..."
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Madison and The Bill of Rights, 2007.
This paper examines James Madison's role in advocating the first ten Amendments to the Constitution.
1,500 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews a series of letters written by James Madison to other delegates at the Constitutional Convention, in order to determine who the major players were in the debate about the amendments and what their respective interests were. The paper discusses the discernible relative power and wealth of these individuals and the intended audience for these primary sources and analyzes how these sources could be used by a modern historian to write a historical essay. The paper shows how James Madison was indeed responsible for crafting the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, although he did so somewhat reluctantly. The paper discusses how Madison realized that the support of the people was an absolutely essential ingredient in ensuring the survival of the new country and its form of government.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Founding Fathers were faced with a number of important issues as they debated the form and content of the Constitution then under consideration, not the least of which was ensuring that their own individual interests would be addressed in the new country. The Constitution that emerged from this debate was not entirely satisfactory to all of the convention delegates as it related to individual liberties, though, and a series of amendments was proposed for this purpose that has become known as the Bill of Rights today. The author of the first ten Amendments to the Constitution was James Madison, but his reasons for advocating these civil liberties were substantially different than many modern observers might believe."
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Madison's Form of Government, 2008.
An analysis of the arguments for James Madison's form of government in America, as described in his work, "The Federalist Papers: No. 10."
917 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the advantages of a republican form of government in the United States, according to James Madison in "The Federalist Papers: No. 10." The paper discusses how it was that the new American republic would be able to control factions. It then describes why Madison's views were a powerful argument to Americans in 1788.
From the Paper
"This argument was especially attractive in 1789, when the new nation was forming, because relations between Northern and Southern states were already quite tense regarding the status of slavery. The South wanted a loose confederation to keep its slave status, but the Founding Fathers believed a stronger federal authority was necessary. By having elected representatives, interests could be advocated on a state-by-state basis, rather than by sheer, numerical popular will of all of the states. This would satisfy the desires of Southern states for some regional expression of slave interests. But in a republican form of government, if one state had an interest that was at odds with the rest of the union, because of the nature of republicanism, it could not dominate all the other states. "The influence of factious leaders may kindle a flame within their particular States, but will be unable to spread a general conflagration through the other States.""
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Marbury vs. Madison, 2005.
A discussion of whether the case of William Marbury versus James Madison should be considered a "landmark" case.
871 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper defines a landmark case as a case that reaches the upper levels of the country's judicial system, such as the Supreme Court, and has significant impact on large numbers of citizens and then takes a look at whether Marbury vs. Madison is one of these a landmark cases. The paper concludes that because the case had a significant effect on the expansion of civil rights, it should be deemed one of the preeminent landmark cases of all time.
From the Paper
"Adams, and the Federalist-controlled Congress, passed a new Judiciary Act that created a number of new federalist courts. 42 Federalists were appointed to these courts, on March 2nd, 2 days before Jefferson was to take office. The next day, the Senate approved the new judges. One of these judges was William Marbury, who was appointed Justice of the Peace, in the District of Columbia. Both Adams and John Marshall, as Adams' Secretary of State, signed his commission. To make matters more confusing, Adams had appointed John Marshall as Chief Justice a month earlier, however, he continued to act as Secretary of State until March 3rd, when he then became Chief Justice and swore in Jefferson as the new U.S. President ("Wikipedia: Marbury v. Madison")."
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