| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "LANGUAGES CONSTRUCTED": |
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Language and the Socially Constructed World, 2002.
Looks at the purpose, acquisition, limitations and benefits, and the consequences of language for individuals and society.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the purpose of language in a socially constructed world. It discusses language acquisition, its limitations and benefits, and the consequences of language for individuals and society.
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The Fallacies of Metalanguage and Scientific Language Construction, 2002.
This paper is a critique of Anna Wierzbicka's "Speech Acts and Speech Genres Across Languages and Cultures."
1,775 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the theories of Anna Wierzbicka and her use of a "metalanguage" in order to solve the ambiguities and culture-contextual problems inherent in language. The paper argues the absurdity of Wierzbicka's theory.
From the Paper
"In her piece, "Speech Acts and Speech Genres Across Languages and Cultures", Anna Wierzbicka attempts to construct a 'metalanguage' for linguists to define foreign terms and concepts. (1992) This metalanguage, as it was proposed, would eliminate the ambiguity of using culturally loaded words when attempting to define speech acts, genres, and events in other languages. While her initial premise concerning culturally loaded text was intriguing; the attempted creation of a pseudo-scientific 'metalanguage' was not only absurd, but also defied her own initial discussion on the specific cultural context of speech acts."
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Power, Language, Culture and 'Me?, 2003.
Paper concerning the construction of identity in the postmodern world through power, language constructs and cultural forces.
1,999 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the notion of identity through various viewpoints in contemporary modernity. This paper explores the way language, power and culture shapes the concept of the I by examining Foucaldian concepts, lingual construction and cultural studies.
From the Paper
"With the impending future of global culture, the way in which the concept of the ?I? is constructed through an inter-connective culture becomes more obvious, since it affects the process through which the world consistently enriches itself through individual interaction with contemporary society. The concept of ?I? as an identity, fuelled by a wide range of philosophical, lingual and cultural discourses, can be seen as an interactive system inseparable with subjectivity, or, as Giddens proposes, a narrative which is able to build up a consistency of biographical continuity (1991; 75). In these terms is possible to view identity as a personal collective project, influenced by the light of circumstance, self-reflexivity and interaction. These elements, inherently produced through the social facets of power, language and culture, form the basis to the perception of ?me? as both socially as well as privately constructed. To comprehend this nature of identity as a construction of these facets, then, it is crucial to analyze the way in which power, language and culture interact and serve as the sociological truism in which the ?I? is understood, through social roles, discourses and disciplines exploring the perception of the self as a cultural product."
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Lean Construction and the U.K. Construction Industry, 2002.
A look at the application of the principles of Lean Construction on the U.K. construction industry.
978 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly examines the U.K. construction industry and the concepts of Lean Construction, in which the success of this company is attributed to the application of Lean Construction principles such as value, value streams, flows, pull, and perfection. It evaluates how U.K. construction companies have found that increasingly demanding customers, as well as pressures regarding environment issues, are forcing them to rethink their strategies.
Outline
The Principles of Lean Construction
The Construction Industry in the U.K.
The Egan and Lathem Reports
Supply Chain Leadership and Teamwork
The Possibility of Change
From the Paper
"It is with the above in mind that the Egan and Lathem reports highlight the changes necessary in the UK Construction Industry. The Egan Report identifies five drivers of change necessary to ensure greater profitability as well as better quality in the Construction Industry. These are: committed leadership, a focus on the customer, integrated processes and teams, a quality driven agenda and commitment to people (4GM Consulting, 2003). Furthermore the report sets targets such as 10% for annual reductions in construction cost and time, as well as a 20% annual reduction in defects. The report stresses the importance of replacing competitive tendering with long-term relationships within the industry. Clearly the win/lose relationships between partners are too adversarial to be effective."
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The Body Constructed, 2004.
This paper studies the belief that differences between individual races are actually constructed by society.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This article serves as a defense of the claim that race is a social construct, rather than a biological fact. The writer discusses the view that genetic inequalities are not inborn, but rather created by society. In this paper, the writer looks at inequality in society caused by differences in race that appear to have been constructed by society.
From the Paper
"The argument that race is a genetic predisposition is an old one and certainly an important one as it has been practiced among governments and other such institutions for centuries. This argument however leads to unwanted implications of genetic inequality between the races that we have learned is simply not the case. There are no inherent differences between individual races that are not arbitrarily constructed by society. In fact, it seems apparent that there are more variations in appearance and personality within a single race ... "
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Constructed Myths and Man?s Purpose, 2004.
A detailed examination of Nietzsche?s theory of God and myths.
5,624 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 136.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the process by which myth is built within a community. What are the commonalities in the construction of myths? What is the return mankind receives by being a part of a myth structure? It explains that the underlying assumption is that, if there was not a need or an identifiable benefit from the myths, then men would discontinue their use. It discusses that this was the core of Nietzsche?s hypothesis. However, the continuance of constructed myth in mankind?s societal belief systems is similar to the ongoing need for grease in a wheel bearing. Without the myth, social orders to not function well. Atheistic communism has fallen, and social discord follows in nations that attempt to outlaw the exercise of religious beliefs. Like a thin coating of grease on sliding metal parts, the myth must serve some purpose. The final section of this paper considers the question as well.
From the Paper
"Since Nietzsche declared that God was dead, science and mankind has begun a twofold search. Nietzsche?s declaration asserted that, in detail, the need for God in the society?s constructed identity no longer existed. The scientific method and accompanying hopes for a utopian society would be ushered in by modern thought. Modern, logical and rational thought would be able to replace oppressive superstition, religious, and myth. Since his work, along with Jung, Kant and a myriad of others, the social sciences have searched for the purpose of religious life within the context of community. The ongoing survival of religion in the cultures around the world long after God?s widely reported death has created problem for sociologies and theologians alike."
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Socially Constructed Geography, 2004.
Challenges the idea that the landscape of America, prior to its discovery, was a pristine wilderness untouched by humanity.
1,814 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the long-held belief and idea taught about American geography: that America was a wild and free paradise conquered by champions and pioneers of freedom and adventure. The paper argues that this perception is merely a socially constructed view of geography designed to play into the cultural idealism that promote a heritage of man overcoming extreme obstacles to attain glory and recognition. The paper also contends that the landscape of America was, in fact, more inhabited and developed before the discovery of America by European explorers because of the presence of Native Americans than it was after the discovery.
From the Paper
"As a society, humans by nature relate to the world and define norms by identifying with the environment around them. In America for example, the foundation for the society was built on idealisms that suggested that the first entrants into this society were pioneers, overcoming a vast wilderness and pristine landscape in order to build the foundation upon which modern society now reigns supreme. People by nature identify with social constructed realities that bring them together in a communal and socially responsible manner. In order to help civilians learn about society and social norms, it is often necessary to deconstruct and reconstruct the geographic landscape of a land to build a culture from a blank template."
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Self-Monitoring: Constructed Compliance, 2005.
A study of self-monitoring and its ability to create compliance in those participating in the study.
1,351 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper describes and analyzes a study that was set up to examine the correlation between self-monitoring and compliance to help. In the study, participants are placed in situations that manipulate self-monitoring by presenting a mirror in front of them to bring about more self-awareness in the participant. The study's hypothesis is that participants will be more likely to comply to help, once placed in a high self-monitoring situation. The writer shows that the results of the experiment supported the hypothesis that participants are more likely to comply to help, when placed in a high self-monitoring situation. The writer then suggests that more tests be done with a variety of age groups, neighborhoods and cultures to get a better representation of the effects of self-monitoring in the general population. The writer concludes that such studies might be used to deter people from destructive actions such as stealing.
Outline:
Method
Design
Procedure
Measure
Results
Experiment Statistics
Discussion
From the Paper
"Our hypothesis is that participants will be more likely to comply to help, once placed in a high self-monitoring situation. We tested our hypothesis by randomly choosing every third person that walked across the Diag to take part in our experiment. While either holding a mirror directly behind the questioner or having no mirror, we asked the participant if they would take a questionnaire. We ran our experiment on 6 males and 6 females. Three of the six males would be given the mirror condition and 3 of the 6 females would also be given the mirror condition. We found that 4 of the 6 people tested with the mirror present were willing to take the questionnaire and only 1 of the 6 people tested with no mirror present were willing to take the questionnaire."
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Language, Media and Power, 2008.
An analysis of the origins of language and its evolution across time and media from linear text to visual political hegemony.
3,151 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the origins of language and its relationship to human societies and media. The paper argues the thesis that language is not simply a vehicle for communication but also a means for the control of the world around us and its social orders. The paper then looks at contemporary mass media, popular culture and their employment for political purposes. The paper explains that the complex structures of signification of language texts in mass media is essential to understand and resist their deployment as vehicles of power and control. In conclusion, the paper shows that as political culture draws upon popular culture to achieve its mythologizing effects, it becomes imperative that media literacy be achieved in order that the mass media audience at least has the possibility of interrogating media messages and asserting their identities as citizens rather than consumers.
Outline:
Introduction
Language and the Earliest Human Societies
Language, Media and the Construction of Human Societies
Visual Mass Media and Multi-textual Communication
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This insight is critical to understand the structural convergence of media and language in human civilization. Language is more than simply a system whereby particular vocal utterances contain socially-agreed meanings. From this perspective, the origins of language and media of communication have been recognized as being key determining factors in the construction of human societies from earliest times. Whether in oral, literate or digital societies the manner by which language is used to communicate thoughts and ideas has played a major role in the design and workings of those societies. While most people use the term language in reference to the various spoken languages developed in societies around the world, in reality language is much more complex. It is a system of signs - communicated usually through vocal speech - which are commonly agreed to have an "objective" reference (Berger and Luckmann 36)."
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Advances in Construction, 2006.
A paper on the various constructional processes involving domestic and commercial premises.
4,230 words (approx. 16.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the various aspects of constructional activity including planning, procuring, executing and registering activities. The paper also considers the legal aspects, insurance aspects and maintenance aspects of constructional activity and uses examples, facts and figures to discuss each aspect. Additionally, the paper looks at management in the construction industry, the risks of a constructional company, new techniques and methods in construction, and what strategy a construction company should follow in order to be successful.
What is Construction
What is Constructional Activity
Manager's Code of Professional Ethics in Construction
Risks of a Constructional Company
New Methods and Techniques of Construction
Order to be Followed in a Construction Industry for being Successful
From the Paper
"Building construction-case study of Fletcher Construction, Australia
According to the Recycling Resources Recovery Council (RRRC) the construction industry waste accounts for 44% of the total land fill in Victoria. In January 1993, Fletcher construction selected two Melbourne construction sites for training the program. One site was to introduce recycling and waste minimization methods and the other would adapt the traditional approach of handling waste on sight. The results of the trial revealed substantial savings to the project and environment. The process of implementing recycling and waste minimization reduced the volume of waste from 44% to 15%. 43% less land filled space was consumed and there was a financial saving of 55% achieved on waste removal cost. Over one third of the total waste volume generated was recycled. Fletcher Construction of Australia has incorporated green measures into its national policy, aiming to reduce waste on every constructional site by 25% as compared to the conventional methods. Its sister company in Seattle, Washington has also implemented similar methods."
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English Second Language.
This paper is a research proposal to identify learning difficulties that students encounter when specifically learning literacy skills in the target language.
8,310 words (approx. 33.2 pages), 55 sources, APA, $ 177.95
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Abstract
This paper includes an extensive literature review that suggests interaction is a critical component of language learning, and that for children to be successful, they must be presented with a classroom environment that encourages competency through interaction, such as in immersion. The author points out that a majority of studies suggest SLA (second language acquisition) results from an integrative approach to learning in which students are encouraged to use the target language in conjunction with the native language to boost comprehension and understanding. The paper relates that the research methodology will be an exploratory case study approach because it is the optimal method for identifying questions and selecting measurement constructs when significant uncertainty exists with regard to a programs operations, goals, and results.
Table of Content
Literature Review
Background
Learning a Language
Summary: Learning a Language
Learning Difficulties with Reading
Summary: Learning Difficulties with Reading
Language 1 and Language 2 Transfer
Second Language Acquisition Issues
Summary: SLA Acquisition Issues
Research Methodology
Illustrative Case Study
Exploratory Case Study
Critical Instance Case Study
Program Implementation Case Study
Program Effects Case Study
Research Design
Data Analysis
Assumptions
Limitations
From the Paper
"Many studies exist that focus on learning English as a second language. The results of these studies indicate that learning a second language is challenging, and that a large population of students still struggle with language and literacy acquisition particularly in English. More than 2.8 million children enrolled in school in the United States are considered as having only limited English proficiency skills. Fifty percent of limited English students are enrolled in programs labeled "Transitional bilingual education" whose goals include literacy and content instruction in the native language with additional curriculum geared toward learning to speak and comprehend English. Formal instruction in English is achieved when students attain a certain level of competency in their native language literacy and when they have acquired adequate oral listening and comprehension skills in the English language."
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Communicative Language Teaching, 2005.
This paper is a literature review of communicative language teaching (CLT).
2,785 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that communicative competence is made up of four competence areas: Linguistic, which is knowing how to use the language's grammar, syntax and vocabulary; sociolinguistic, knowing how to use and respond to language appropriately; discourse, knowing how to interpret the larger context and to construct a coherent whole and strategic, knowing how to recognize and repair communication breakdowns by working around gaps in one's knowledge of the language. The author points out that communicative language teaching (CLT) began because educators and linguists were dissatisfied with the audiolingual and grammar-translation methods of foreign language instruction. The paper stresses that communicative language teaching places great emphasis on helping students use the target language in a variety of contexts and places great emphasis on learning language functions.
Table of Contents
Communicative Competence
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
Principles and Characteristics of CLT
Communicative Activities
Teacher's Roles in Communicative Language Teaching
Implementation of CLT in ESL and EFL Countries
From the Paper
"Other research studies focus on the difficulty attributed to the English as a first language environment. In 1996, studies by Stapleton pointed out how Confucianism as a belief system appears to be in tension with underlying notions of communicative language teaching. In these studies, Stapeton examined the theory that Confucianism establishes the superior status and knowledge of the teacher over that of the students, thus elevating the role of the teacher above the students. In 1998, Li studied teaching and learning in China, concluding that local conditions seem to be detrimental to communicative language teaching methodology."
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Language and the Gay Identity, 2006.
An analysis of the importance of language in establishing a sense of identity.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the importance of language in the formation and establishment of a gay identity. It first follows Foucault's argument (language is a place of power where social norms are constructed) and then tries to identify how language can be subverted so that gays can reassess their own sense of identity.
From the Paper
"So as to fully comprehend how a 'same-sex attracted' person can establish his/her own identity as s/he feels and senses it, we first need to see how language works, especially for those who do not seem to belong to the 'mainstream'. Indeed, what are at work within language are relations of power. What can thus be witnessed is the cultural, social and linguistic domination of one group over another. It seems that, from the beginning of humanity, men are the ones who dominate and it has been proven by feminists that women have been maintained under a linguistic yoke, among others. Suffice to think of the host of derogatory terms that can be used against women. And if we turn to 'homosexuals', we note the same phenomenon. An identity, i.e. a category, is created as less powerful - through the use of language as a system of representation - for heterosexual (men) to maintain their position of power. "
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Pragmatics - Grammatical Constructions, 2007.
A discussion regarding construction grammar and grammatical constructions.
917 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses construction grammar. According to the paper, construction grammar (CxG) is a usage-based framework, and it endeavors to treat all types of expressions as equally central to capturing grammatical patterning.
Outline:
Fillmore's approach to Construction Grammar
More cognitive approaches to Construction Grammar
Towards a "Fluid" Construction Grammar
From the Paper
"A. Radical Construction Grammar (Croft): all constructions are language-specific; all categories are defined by constructions; constructions are the primitive units of language. This kind of CxG takes into account cross-linguistic factors, dealing with the internal structure of constructions. Radical CxG is non-reductionist: constructions are not derived from their parts, but the parts are derived from the constructions. Radical CxG is opposed to the idea that syntactic categories, roles, and relations are universal. Moreover, they are not only language-specific, but also construction-specific. Instead of syntactic relations, Radical CxG rather talks about semantic relations. Indeed, it is closely related to cognitive linguistics."
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Structured Query Language, 2003.
The following paper examines the computer language, SQL which stands for "Structured Query Language" and shows how this computer language allows a user to pose complex questions of a database.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how SQL is designed to work with relational databases and contends that it is essential to understand the nature of relational databases to understand both the way in which SQLs work and why there is a need for SQLs to begin with.
From the paper:
?It should be noted that there are related variations on SQL statements. For example, instead of using an SQL statement, it is possible to represent queries in tabular form; this is also known as the query-by-example (or QBE) and it creates a display that is in empty tabular form, which then requires the searcher to enter the search specifications into appropriate columns. The program then constructs an SQL-like query from the table and executes it (http://cloud.al.ru).?
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