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Karl Rahner, 2002.
This paper looks at the life of German theologist Karl Rahner.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
A paper which looks at the life of Karl Rahner (1904-1984), German theologist and Roman Catholic Philosopher. The paper discusses some of his views, philosophies and works such as the founding of the journal "Concilium". It also examines the philosophies of several of those who influenced his life such as St Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant.
From the Paper
"By utilising his theories and philosophies of Kant, Augustine and Aquinas Rahner has given a fundamental approach to religion that allows for him to bring forth the beliefs of non Christian religions into a traditional progressive attitude of theological studies for those to understand the grace of God.
"Rahner is one of those members of the church whose free thinking ideals and works has enable the Catholic church to move forward out of the dark ages."
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Karl Marx, 2002.
A paper which studies the life, history and theories of founder of socialism and communism Karl Marx.
1,615 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the life history of father of modern socialism and communism, Karl Marx. The paper traces his beginnings as a child in Trier, Germany, through to his education in Bonn and his career as a writer. Karl Marx's works are discussed, such as "The Manifesto of the Communist Party", "The Poverty of Philosophy" and " A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy". Finally the paper looks at Karl Marx's contribution to sociology.
From the Paper
"Moreover, there was the history of factory legislation in England which, from its modest beginnings with the first acts of 1802, finally reached the point of limiting working hours in almost all manufacturing as well as the cottage industries to 60 hours per week for women and young people under the age of 18, and to 39 hours per week for children under 13. Thus, Marx has given an excellent book, which from this point of view is of the greatest interest especially for every industrialist."
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Karl Marx, 2002.
This paper discusses the life of Karl Marx and his influence on the Russian Revolution
2,075 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Karl Marx's character came from his experiences as a child. As a convert, a lofty Christian idealism paved his way into philosophical study, but the Prussian authorities' unwarranted suspicion of his father, who was a lawyer, a constitutionalist, a democrat, and a Jew, led young Karl to consider, with discontent, the structure of government. The author points out that, although Marx studied under Hegel, the greatest influence in his life was his longtime friend, Friedrich Engels, who introduced Marx to many of the works of influential economists of the time, which would help him shape his economic and human philosophy. The paper relates that Vladimir Lenin extended Marxism and made it more comprehensible for the masses, augmenting it into Marxist-Leninism. Without Karl Marx, there probably would never have been a Russian Revolution.
From the Paper
"In 1864, the International Working Men's Association (IWMA) was founded. It gave Marx the needed conduit for his revolutionary cause. Marx actually drew up the rules for the group, clearly advocating the gradual gain of power through parliamentary assemblies. This became the best means for freeing the proletariat in industrially advanced countries like Britain. With his strong opinions and stronger understanding of politics, Marx eventually became a member of the IWMA's general committee. This position gave him the clout he needed to present his ideas: such as strong support of the Paris Commune. This bold action drew the attention of all, especially the frightened French bourgeoisie. Unfortunately his position in the IWMA was the height of his official political career. He became under attack from the working class, who were unsupportive of his extreme measures, and others disliking any kind of authority. With Marx's political defeat, the IWMA lost all of its effectiveness and eventually dissolved into nonexistence. Although Marx no longer had any official place in politics, working-class leaders from Germany, France, and Britain continued to consult him about their problems."
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Karl Marx, 2007.
This paper examines the beliefs of German philosopher Karl Marx.
1,563 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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In this article the writer analyzes the views of Karl Marx, in particular with regards to his views of the alienation of a worker. The writer discusses that Karl Marx defined this type of alienation as being a social problem, which had been in fact created by the bourgeois management of production on one hand, and exchange on the other. The writer notes that today, the condition of the worker is not as alienated as described by Karl Marx during his times, but still, a human being still produces automatically to earn his livelihood, rather then producing without any sort of external necessity, perhaps like an artist or a musician. The writer concludes that in a society where the forces of the market are able to dictate human behavior, people would never be able to realize their full potential, and this would mean that capitalism today, which interferes with the true nature of a human being, must be abolished as far as it is a possibility.
From the Paper
"In other words, Karl Marx was of the firm opinion that in general, a worker was alienated to a large extent. Perhaps, said Karl Marx, the obvious expression of this alienation was seen in the fact that the worker was quite unable, in capitalist times, of actually owning what he had produced with his effort and hard work. The fact cannot be denied, that the existing conditions of production did indeed dehumanize the worker, to such an extent that he became a mere animal, in following his routine and losing his creativity. The worker would also feel alienated because of the fact that work is not 'himself', it is outside of him, and therefore, not at all a part of his true nature. He becomes both mentally and physically 'debased', and is happy only during his leisure time, which is not much, and he is almost like an animal, in the basic satisfaction of his animal functions of eating, sleeping, procreating, while in his creativity and so on, he is reduced to an animal like thinking. Therefore, the animal becomes human, and the human, animal."
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Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx, 2002.
Examines the views of women's right activist Mary Wollstonecraft and political philosopher, Karl Marx on the formation of society.
1,548 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
Both Mary Wollstonecraft and Karl Marx developed ideas about the way society is formed and the way it should be formed and both did so in economic and social terms. The paper shows that there are considerable differences between the views they take on these topics. Each wanted to change society and each examined the nature of their society and determined what sorts of developments should be taken in the future. The paper examines Wollstonecraft's "Vindication of the Rights of Woman" (1792) and Karl Marx's class theory.
From the Paper
"Marx and Engels do not speak of individuals as a rule but rather of classes, mass grouping of people according to economic and social position. In the perspective of Marx and Engels, the bourgeois society in which they lived was a system of class conflict and the domination of the bourgeois class over the proletarian class. They described the nature of this society not as an aberration but as a stage in social evolution, succeeding the feudal period and preceding the era of the dictatorship of the proletariat. This view was based on the idea that these stages were inevitable and that the only way for the proletariat to gain a better position in life was through revolution, through the violent overthrow of bourgeois society."
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Adam Smith and Karl Marx, 2005.
This paper examines the writings of Adam Smith and Karl Marx by reviewing their positions on joint-stock companies and Adam Smith's famous deer-beaver argument.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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This paper explains that Adam Smith thought that the separation of ownership and control raised serious questions about the management of joint-stock companies and led him to analyze the agency problem. The author points out that Adam Smith and Karl Marx agree that an advantage of the joint-stock company is that it allows entrepreneurs to put together large sums of money and capital; furthermore, Marx concludes that the joint-stock form leads to a "tremendous expansion in the scale of production and enterprises, which would be impossible for individual capitals." The paper states that Karl Marx would have called Adam Smith's hunters simple commodity producers with each hunting with his own relatively simple weapon in a forest, which is open to all, and satisfying his needs by exchanging his excess catch against the products of other hunters.
From the Paper
"Competition is another quantitative aspect of economics. One first needs to examine the conditions under which exchange ratios would correspond exactly to labor -time ratios. We begin with Adam Smith's famous deer-beaver example, "If among a nation of hunters, for example, it usually costs twice the labor to kill a beaver which it does to kill a deer, one beaver should naturally exchange for or be worth two deer. It is natural that what is usually the produce of two days' or two hours' labor, should be worth double of what is usually the produce of one days' or one hours' labor.""
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Karl Marx, 2006.
A discussion on Karl Marx's views on capitalism.
2,259 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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The paper examines how the scandals in the American corporate world have taught us that capitalism may not be the ideal economic system. The paper discusses how interest in Karl Marx's writing, especially those concerning the ills of capitalism, has soared. The paper attempts to understand why capitalism was disliked by great theorists such as Karl Marx, and tries to better understand the Marxist view on capitalism. The paper further examines the strengths and weaknesses of the capitalist and socialist systems. The paper concludes that while capitalism in America may never find a suitable replacement in the socialist system, it can certainly learn something from communism's idea of fair distribution of resources and right to equal opportunity.
From the Paper
"He argued that in capitalist system, workers are underpaid and overworked and this largely results in severe economic disparities, which further lead to social gaps. What we know about rich getting richer was actually a concept first introduced by Karl Marx as he believed that with capitalist bourgeois amassing wealth and using unskilled poor workers to achieve their objectives, world was likely to turn into a living hell for most urban poor. The modern bourgeois society that has sprouted from the ruins of feudal society has not done away with class antagonism."
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The Influence of Karl Rove, 2007.
An analysis of James Moore and Wayne Slater's book, "Bush's Brain - How Karl Rove Made George W. Bush Presidential."
3,376 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 96.95
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The paper looks at the incredibly gifted and cunning presidential advisor and policy maker, Karl Rove. The paper reviews the book "Bush's Brain - How Karl Rove Made George W. Bush Presidential" and discusses the authors' position that it is a very dangerous dynamic to have one man, a man of questionable ethics, who was not elected by the voters, steering the country, pushing policy and manipulating issues in a way which allows his boss to get reelected. The paper highlights Rove's style of spreading rumors, initiating whisper campaigns and playing dirty tricks on opponents to make sure his candidate wins out. The paper shows the extent of Rove's influence on Bush, the Republican Party and ultimately on the United States.
Outline:
Introduction
Review and Analysis of Moore and Slater's Book
From the Paper
"This book was published in 2003, the handiwork of veteran political journalists James Moore and Wayne Slater. At the time of its arrival on bookshelves, Karl Rove was seen as an incredibly gifted and cunning presidential advisor and policy maker. He still is those things, but his star has fallen considerably. As the book went on sale, the 2004 Presidential Election was just ahead, and Rove's influence and reputation as a brilliant political tactician would grow even more. But following the Democratic takeover of the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate in November, 2006, there is these days some tarnish on the luster Rove has built up as a strategist. In fact, it appears that Rove's strategy for the 2006 Mid-Term elections is to energize Bush's conservative demographics, to attack the Democrats (who opposed the war in Iraq) as friendly to the terrorists and to belittle them as "cut-and-run" cowards."
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Karl Marx, 2007.
A look at the factors that Karl Marx might have overlooked when accounting for revolutionary change or its absence.
754 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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This paper discusses how Karl Marx believed the constant battle of class against class to be the driving force of historical change and how he rejected the Hegelian notion that thought might be the underpinning of philosophy, the guiding force in human affairs. It looks at how, in his focus on the "concrete realities" of society, Marx neglected many other sources of historical change such as the formative powers of religion and social custom.
From the Paper
"However, if all change - all history - is based on economic considerations - how is that there can be any change at all, if a society's economic structure remains the same? What others call history is filled with examples of non-economic forces that drastically alter existing societies. In Das Kapital, Marx ascribes the origins of guilds and castes, "to the conversion of fractional work into the life-calling of one man." By considering these economic combinations solely from the point of view of the "units of production" i.e. the workers in these industries, Marx ignores certain aspects of guild and caste organization. The guilds that arose in Medieval Europe provided many social services to their members, and helped to create a sense of community among the workers. "
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Karl Marx, 2005.
Examines the times and philosophy of the father of Communism, Karl Marx.
1,356 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Karl Marx is known widely as the founder of Communism and the Communist system of government, popularized in his work "The Communist Manifesto," written with Friedrich Engels. This paper looks at this and other texts to get an idea of Marx's times, works, and ideas.
From the Paper
"The stated goal of Marx's communism in the Communist Manifesto is the
"Formation of the proletariat into a class, overthrow of the bourgeois supremacy, (and) conquest of political power by the proletariat" (Marx-Engels). Marx is concerned with abolishing the bourgeois system of private property, but not all property standards necessarily, stating that the bourgeois system creates capital, not true property. Seeking
to elevate the status of the laborer, he states that "In bourgeois society, living labor is but a means to increase accumulated labor. In communist society, accumulated labor is but a means to widen, to enrich, to promote the existence of the laborer" (Marx-Engels).
Those who oppose their theories in proposed counter-arguments are dismissed as unenlightened mouthpieces of the bourgeois."
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Karl Marx and His Challenge of Liberalism, 2008.
An examination of Karl Marx's challenge to liberalism in "The Communist Manifesto."
1,831 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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This paper examines how Karl Marx challenged liberalism in works such as "The Communist Manifesto", in which he condemned capitalism and predicted that the exploited working classes of capitalistic societies would become alienated and overthrow the system of capitalism. The paper explains that Marx was convinced that once liberalism was discredited and capitalism was overthrown, there would be a brief period of rule by the dictatorship of the proletariat and then the classless society of communism would emerge. The paper also discusses how Marx believed that working class Germans should be the chief focus of his revolutionary efforts because the political consciousness of the proletariat in Germany was more developed than in any other country in Europe. The paper then examines liberalism and its impact on society, in order to fully analyze Marx's challenges to liberalism.
From the Paper
"Marx believed that many political, economic, and social changes would be necessary in the aftermath of a proletarian revolution, for in his view, the only way the proletariat could free itself from exploitation was to abolish capitalism. In achieving this goal, the proletariat would have to destroy every remnant of bourgeois liberal culture because this culture perpetuated their misery. Family, religion, the worship of personalities, morality, and the legal system would all have to be abolished. According to Marx, the result of this abolishment would be "an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the development of all.""
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Karl Gauss, 2002.
An examination of the many theories developed by Karl Gauss, a famous mathematician, (1777-1855).
1,221 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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This paper looks at the life and work of Karl Gauss. It examines his theory on Plate Tectonics, the theory of Motion of Heavenly Bodies and several other theories that were developed during his lifetime. The writer first briefly gives a bio of Gauss and then attempts to explain the theories in laymen's terms.
From the Paper
"There are many well known mathematicians from history whose work is well known and position widely recognised. However, there are also many lesser known mathematicians that have also made equally valuable contributions. Karl Friedrich Gauss is one of these, and as such is a worthwhile individual to study. Gauss developed many ideas and theories which are still in use today. He is best known for his theory of plate tectonics and his work entitled ?Theoria Motus Corporum Coelestium? ; Theory of the Motion of Heavenly Bodies in 1809. With Wilhelm E. Weber; a physicist he also developed a theory concerning geomagnetism. Much of his work is still used today, including work in the fields of physics, astronomy, and his statistical theories are even used in software algorithms. In this we see man who has made large contributions to the world of mathematics and related disciplines (Schaaf, 1964)."
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Allen W. Wood's "Karl Marx", 2007.
This paper analyzes the book "Karl Marx", by Allen W. Wood.
956 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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The paper examines the book "Karl Marx", a comprehensive study of Marx's life and the creation of Marxist thought. The paper discusses the author's belief that Marx was one of the nineteenth century's greatest philosophers. The paper concludes that Marx was a revolutionary of his time and his ideas, although often dismissed, are still controversial and thought-provoking today.
From the Paper
"The biographical information on Marx' life is a very small percentage of this volume, but it does give the reader a good idea of his background and early education that led to the development of his ideas and philosophies. His expulsion from both Paris and Germany led to his settlement in London, where he did the bulk of his work."
"Marx helped found the International Working Men's Association in 1864, which helped spread the ideals of socialism and anti-capitalism. Eventually these ideas spread around the world and led to the formation of labor unions in many areas, including the United States. They also led to the rise of socialist mentality in Russia, leading eventually to the formation of the Soviet Union and the overthrow of the royal family."
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Weaknesses in Karl Marx's Theories on Society, 2006.
A review of the history of Karl Marx's theories and their failure in modern times.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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This paper discusses Karl Marx, an influential thinker for his time. His theoretical approach was ideal for that period, during which people were trying to make sense of the disruptive influences of the rapid industrialization of the Western world. The paper further discusses how over time, it has become apparent that Marx's thinking was also specific to that time. At times, Marx did not fully think through his theories, ignoring what the results would be if what he theorized upon eventually came to pass.
From the Paper
"Much has been written about Karl Marx's theories. Marx was an influential thinker whose theories resonate even today, although they were written in terms of the period in which he lived. Because these theories were written with this specific period in mind, however, they are not as strong as they were at that time. Some weaknesses have become apparent in his arguments, arguments that have become apparent over the distance provided by time. Because of these weaknesses, it is important to view Marx's theory with an eye toward a historical approach. Marx was a German-born theorist and activist. His works were revolutionary for their time, putting forth revolutionary ideas that empowered the working class. "
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Karl Marx on The Industrial Revolution, 2002.
An exploration of Karl Marx's views on the Industrial Revolution as outlined in "The Communist Manifesto" of 1848
1,468 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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This paper explores Karl Marx's candid views on capitalism, socialism and the industrial revolution, as seen in his "Communist Manifesto" of 1848, as well as how more personal issues such as religion, human nature, and morality relate to these changes.
From the Paper
"In the Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Fredierich Engels created a very clear picture of what they envisioned as the perfect society. Written in 1848, at a time of upheaval and political uncertainty in Europe, the Communist Manifesto was intended to clearly outline the ideas and proposals of the fledgling Communist parties cropping up across Europe at the time (Giddens, 1973). Yet Marx?s allegedly logical basis for understanding the impact of political, economic and religious structures is in direct opposition to the applications of these elements in the ideal world that is envisioned within the morally grounded Christian perspective (Schmitt, 1997)."
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